Volume 5, Issue 1
Pages no. 101-130
Available online on 01 Jan 2015
ISSN 2277-3681
J Pharm Sci Bioscientific Res. 2015; 5(1):101-130.
Copyright © 2014 JPSBR Publications
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ABSTRACT:
High efficiency and less run time are the basic requirements of high-speed chromatographic separations. To fulfill these requirements, a
new separation technique, ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), has shown promising developments. A rapid, specific,
sensitive, and precise reverse-phase UPLC method is developed for the determination of Amlodipine (AMLO) and Indapamide (INDP) in
tablet dosage form. The chromatographic separation was achieved on Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1 mm× 100 mm, 1.7 ?m) using
mobile phase of Buffer (1% Glacial acetic acid) : Acetonitrile (58:42, v/v), at a flow rate of 0.25 mL/min at an ambient temperature. UV
detection was carried out at 240 nm with injection volume of 2 µl. The retention time for Amlodipine (AMLO) and Indapamide (INDP) was
found 1.56 min and 2.58 min respectively. Linearity was observed in range of 10-50 µg/ml and 3-15 µg/ml for AMLO and INDP respectively.
The method is validated according to the ICH guidelines and is applied successfully for the determination of both the rugs in tablet
formulation as well as bulk.
KEYWORDS: Amlodipine, Indapamide , Simultaneous estimation, RP- UPLC method, Validation
High efficiency and less run time are the basic requirements of high-speed chromatographic separations. To fulfill these requirements, a
new separation technique, ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), has shown promising developments. A rapid, specific,
sensitive, and precise reverse-phase UPLC method is developed for the determination of Amlodipine (AMLO) and Indapamide (INDP) in
tablet dosage form. The chromatographic separation was achieved on Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column (2.1 mm× 100 mm, 1.7 ?m) using
mobile phase of Buffer (1% Glacial acetic acid) : Acetonitrile (58:42, v/v), at a flow rate of 0.25 mL/min at an ambient temperature. UV
detection was carried out at 240 nm with injection volume of 2 µl. The retention time for Amlodipine (AMLO) and Indapamide (INDP) was
found 1.56 min and 2.58 min respectively. Linearity was observed in range of 10-50 µg/ml and 3-15 µg/ml for AMLO and INDP respectively.
The method is validated according to the ICH guidelines and is applied successfully for the determination of both the rugs in tablet
formulation as well as bulk.
KEYWORDS: Amlodipine, Indapamide , Simultaneous estimation, RP- UPLC method, Validation
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ABSTRACT:
The objective of present study was to assess the practices and attitude of Vitamin D among health practitioners. A cross-sectional study
was carried out at public and private hospitals and clinics from Ahmedabad, Vadodara and Mumbai city. Forty private practitioners were
included in the study. A well-structured, pre-tested questionnaire was designed to gather data. Each interview was completed by an
investigator. Questions included the practices related to of vitamin D, prescriptions and its need in the population. Questionnaires were
completed by 40 doctors. The results indicate that doctors are aware of the sources and metabolism of vitamin D but lack information
about the duration and factors regarding sunlight exposure. The physicians generally have good information about the signs and
symptoms of vitamin D deficiency and the factors causing it, but do not have sound information about deficiency management. The results
support the fact that doctors need more knowledge and training about vitamin D deficiency.
KEYWORDS: Vitamin D, health Practitioner, Cholecalciferol, Hypocalcaemia, Questionnaire based survey
The objective of present study was to assess the practices and attitude of Vitamin D among health practitioners. A cross-sectional study
was carried out at public and private hospitals and clinics from Ahmedabad, Vadodara and Mumbai city. Forty private practitioners were
included in the study. A well-structured, pre-tested questionnaire was designed to gather data. Each interview was completed by an
investigator. Questions included the practices related to of vitamin D, prescriptions and its need in the population. Questionnaires were
completed by 40 doctors. The results indicate that doctors are aware of the sources and metabolism of vitamin D but lack information
about the duration and factors regarding sunlight exposure. The physicians generally have good information about the signs and
symptoms of vitamin D deficiency and the factors causing it, but do not have sound information about deficiency management. The results
support the fact that doctors need more knowledge and training about vitamin D deficiency.
KEYWORDS: Vitamin D, health Practitioner, Cholecalciferol, Hypocalcaemia, Questionnaire based survey
ABSTRACT:
Diabetes mellitus is a broadly prevalent endocrine system disorder with a major health issue in current scientific time. An observational
prospective study to assess the drug prescribing pattern conducted at outpatient's setting of Amit hospital, valsad. With prior permission of
organization of hospital and informed consent form from patients were received. 85 patients were assessed for the study in which 95.29%
patients are of type II. Majority of patients belongs to >60 years of age with 28% people are having Diabetes mellitus since more than 5
years.41.17% patients have family history of diabetes mellitus. As majority of patients type II patients so Metformin is most commonly
prescribed drug in combinations with other hypoglycemic agents like commonly prescribed drugs 47.05% of two drug combination in which
Metformin+ Glimipride with 61.17% on top while 17.64% for Metformin & insulin. 28.23% are prescribed with three drug combinations. From
the study Biguanides, Sulfonylurea, Insulin and Thiazolidinedione are most commonly prescribed drug. Combination drug is unavoidable in
diabetes but proper combination selection according to clinical judgment will be beneficial and reduce drug related problems. The outcome
results of prescribing drug on patients can be enhanced by the service of pharmacist through education and awareness. This kind of support
from the medical professionals to the pharmacist may help in enhancing healthcare development and defining prescribing pattern.
KEYWORDS: Diabetes mellitus, endocrine disorder, Metformin, Glimipride, Pioglitazone, prescribing pattern.
Diabetes mellitus is a broadly prevalent endocrine system disorder with a major health issue in current scientific time. An observational
prospective study to assess the drug prescribing pattern conducted at outpatient's setting of Amit hospital, valsad. With prior permission of
organization of hospital and informed consent form from patients were received. 85 patients were assessed for the study in which 95.29%
patients are of type II. Majority of patients belongs to >60 years of age with 28% people are having Diabetes mellitus since more than 5
years.41.17% patients have family history of diabetes mellitus. As majority of patients type II patients so Metformin is most commonly
prescribed drug in combinations with other hypoglycemic agents like commonly prescribed drugs 47.05% of two drug combination in which
Metformin+ Glimipride with 61.17% on top while 17.64% for Metformin & insulin. 28.23% are prescribed with three drug combinations. From
the study Biguanides, Sulfonylurea, Insulin and Thiazolidinedione are most commonly prescribed drug. Combination drug is unavoidable in
diabetes but proper combination selection according to clinical judgment will be beneficial and reduce drug related problems. The outcome
results of prescribing drug on patients can be enhanced by the service of pharmacist through education and awareness. This kind of support
from the medical professionals to the pharmacist may help in enhancing healthcare development and defining prescribing pattern.
KEYWORDS: Diabetes mellitus, endocrine disorder, Metformin, Glimipride, Pioglitazone, prescribing pattern.
ABSTRACT:
Acne or which we called pimple is the most commonly seen skin condition in current youth mostly on the face and neck and back and shoulders
of the person. This condition can affect the mental and social behavior of the person so the current study is to spread awareness on acne in
community based survey in female and also dispatches pamphlets on awareness on Acne and try to identify correlation of various exogenous
factors such as skin care like face washing, use of cosmetic and soap, causes like stress, hormonal disturbance and constipation, significance of
diet like fruit consumption, consumption of junk food. We also try to receive the feedback on the impact of Acne whether it affects psychosocial
behavior of the person or not. From survey carried out in community of other backward class females result was obtained by percentage
analysis stated that 32% have Acne out of which 06% have irregular menstrual cycle and 11% have consulted a doctor.29% participants
answered that Acne might impact on psychosocial behavior of the person . 52% participants have answered that hormonal changes might be the
cause of Acne occurrence followed by 32% for constipation and 16% for stress. In the study 69% were consuming junk food every week and
80% were using cosmetics and soaps for skin care. 59% participants have answered that their community have lesser cases of Acne and from
them 97% were ready to spread awareness on this skin condition to others to aware youth about most common problem in current scenario. A
small initiative might be simple but it might help in spreading awareness on Acne.
KEYWORDS: Acne, Awareness, Psycho-social behavior, Stress, Constipation, Hormonal changes.
Acne or which we called pimple is the most commonly seen skin condition in current youth mostly on the face and neck and back and shoulders
of the person. This condition can affect the mental and social behavior of the person so the current study is to spread awareness on acne in
community based survey in female and also dispatches pamphlets on awareness on Acne and try to identify correlation of various exogenous
factors such as skin care like face washing, use of cosmetic and soap, causes like stress, hormonal disturbance and constipation, significance of
diet like fruit consumption, consumption of junk food. We also try to receive the feedback on the impact of Acne whether it affects psychosocial
behavior of the person or not. From survey carried out in community of other backward class females result was obtained by percentage
analysis stated that 32% have Acne out of which 06% have irregular menstrual cycle and 11% have consulted a doctor.29% participants
answered that Acne might impact on psychosocial behavior of the person . 52% participants have answered that hormonal changes might be the
cause of Acne occurrence followed by 32% for constipation and 16% for stress. In the study 69% were consuming junk food every week and
80% were using cosmetics and soaps for skin care. 59% participants have answered that their community have lesser cases of Acne and from
them 97% were ready to spread awareness on this skin condition to others to aware youth about most common problem in current scenario. A
small initiative might be simple but it might help in spreading awareness on Acne.
KEYWORDS: Acne, Awareness, Psycho-social behavior, Stress, Constipation, Hormonal changes.
ABSTRACT:
A program with a purpose to continue the awareness chain based on approach to know about the awareness and spread the basic information
to make awareness in people on various fundamental points of Leptospirosis, like causative organism, contingency of the disease, basic
treatment options and awareness on free government help for the patients and to know if any of them have seen or observe any cases of
Leptospirosis which might be helpful in disease burden estimation in Valsad city, Gujarat.. A well designed questionnaire on disease and
awareness leaflet in local language under the guidance of clinical pharmacist and doctor prepared and distributed. This study is an initiation to
support government in creating awareness as day by day cases are increasing on this disease so by door to door communication and
distributing leaflets and education will help in estimating the awareness, interest and willingness to know and involve in such kind of program
to spread awareness. To carry out results percentage analysis method is used in this study. Only 18% people were only aware about the
disease where 68% were graduates. 15% people were about its causes and contingency and while only 09% were aware about treatment of
disease and government help for the patients. The positive point was 100% were interested to know and ready to spread awareness about the
disease to others to support the chain to be continued.
KEYWORDS: Leptospirosis, Contingency, leptospira, percentage analysis, Leptospirosis awareness
A program with a purpose to continue the awareness chain based on approach to know about the awareness and spread the basic information
to make awareness in people on various fundamental points of Leptospirosis, like causative organism, contingency of the disease, basic
treatment options and awareness on free government help for the patients and to know if any of them have seen or observe any cases of
Leptospirosis which might be helpful in disease burden estimation in Valsad city, Gujarat.. A well designed questionnaire on disease and
awareness leaflet in local language under the guidance of clinical pharmacist and doctor prepared and distributed. This study is an initiation to
support government in creating awareness as day by day cases are increasing on this disease so by door to door communication and
distributing leaflets and education will help in estimating the awareness, interest and willingness to know and involve in such kind of program
to spread awareness. To carry out results percentage analysis method is used in this study. Only 18% people were only aware about the
disease where 68% were graduates. 15% people were about its causes and contingency and while only 09% were aware about treatment of
disease and government help for the patients. The positive point was 100% were interested to know and ready to spread awareness about the
disease to others to support the chain to be continued.
KEYWORDS: Leptospirosis, Contingency, leptospira, percentage analysis, Leptospirosis awareness
ABSTRACT:
A program with a survey based approach to know about the awareness and spread the basic information to create awareness in people on
various aspects of Leptospirosis, like causative organism leptospira, contingency, basic management options and to know if any of them have
seen or observe any cases of Leptospirosis which might be helpful in estimation of this disease burden in a Village of Kharsad of city Navsari,
Gujarat. A properly designed questionnaire and disease awareness leaflet in local language under the guidance of clinical pharmacist and doctor
prepared and dispensed. This program is an initiation to support government in creating awareness to boost up the health care for that
communication skill is a key factor with person to person communication to spread awareness we have received 100 fully filled forms and
provided each of them an awareness leaflets on disease. To carry out analysis of results percentage analysis method used. Only 27% people
were aware about the disease even though the main occupation is farming where this kind of awareness will become must.25% people were
about its causes and contingency and management of disease. The good thing of in program is 100% were interested to know and all of them
ready to spread awareness about the disease to others.
KEYWORDS: Leptospirosis, Health care awareness, leptospira, contingency, communication skill
A program with a survey based approach to know about the awareness and spread the basic information to create awareness in people on
various aspects of Leptospirosis, like causative organism leptospira, contingency, basic management options and to know if any of them have
seen or observe any cases of Leptospirosis which might be helpful in estimation of this disease burden in a Village of Kharsad of city Navsari,
Gujarat. A properly designed questionnaire and disease awareness leaflet in local language under the guidance of clinical pharmacist and doctor
prepared and dispensed. This program is an initiation to support government in creating awareness to boost up the health care for that
communication skill is a key factor with person to person communication to spread awareness we have received 100 fully filled forms and
provided each of them an awareness leaflets on disease. To carry out analysis of results percentage analysis method used. Only 27% people
were aware about the disease even though the main occupation is farming where this kind of awareness will become must.25% people were
about its causes and contingency and management of disease. The good thing of in program is 100% were interested to know and all of them
ready to spread awareness about the disease to others.
KEYWORDS: Leptospirosis, Health care awareness, leptospira, contingency, communication skill
ABSTRACT:
The swine flu is an infectious disease caused by virus belongs to the family Orthomyxoviridae, which is endemic in populations of pig. These
virus strains are known as swine influenza. For preventing spreading of this kind of contagious airborne disease it is important to educate people
about its origin, outbreak, spreading .distribution, transmission of swine flu and basic treatment. An awareness leaflet to spread awareness in
people of industrial town Vapi and well prepared Questionnaire for assessing the awareness about the disease. To evaluate the result a
percentage analysis method has been used. 75% people were aware about the Swine Influenza virus.35% people were aware about its causes
and 34% about contingency and basic information about treatment available for the virus. 84% people were aware about the government facility
for the patients affected by Swine influenza virus.74% were willing to help others in spreading awareness to others. This kind of awareness
program can be helpful in such area to enhance the further basic update and information about various contagious diseases which will be helpful
to increase the level of healthcare system.
KEYWORDS: Orthomyxoviridae, Swine flu, Awareness, contagious disease, Swine influenza.
The swine flu is an infectious disease caused by virus belongs to the family Orthomyxoviridae, which is endemic in populations of pig. These
virus strains are known as swine influenza. For preventing spreading of this kind of contagious airborne disease it is important to educate people
about its origin, outbreak, spreading .distribution, transmission of swine flu and basic treatment. An awareness leaflet to spread awareness in
people of industrial town Vapi and well prepared Questionnaire for assessing the awareness about the disease. To evaluate the result a
percentage analysis method has been used. 75% people were aware about the Swine Influenza virus.35% people were aware about its causes
and 34% about contingency and basic information about treatment available for the virus. 84% people were aware about the government facility
for the patients affected by Swine influenza virus.74% were willing to help others in spreading awareness to others. This kind of awareness
program can be helpful in such area to enhance the further basic update and information about various contagious diseases which will be helpful
to increase the level of healthcare system.
KEYWORDS: Orthomyxoviridae, Swine flu, Awareness, contagious disease, Swine influenza.
ABSTRACT:
A new, simple, accurate and sensitive UV-spectrophotometric absorption correction method has been developed for simultaneous
determination of Metformin HCl and Repaglinide in bilayer tablet dosage form utilizing concept of standard addition. The method is
based upon determination of Repaglinide at 299 nm where Metformin HCl shows zero absorbance & Metformin HCl at 208 nm in 0.1N
HCl as a solvent & in phosphate buffer pH 6.8 Repaglinide at 283 nm where Metformin HCl shows zero absorbance & Metformin HCl
at 232.4 nm. Linearity was observed in range of 10-60 µg/ml and 1-6 µg/ml for Metformin HCl and Repaglinide respectively. The
correlation coefficient value was found to be 0.989-0.9998. All methods were statistically validated as per ICH guidelines and can be
successively applied for analysis of tablets formulation.
KEYWORDS: Metformin HCl, Repaglinide, Absorbance correction method, UV-spectrophotometric, Bilayer Tablet, Simultaneous
estimation
A new, simple, accurate and sensitive UV-spectrophotometric absorption correction method has been developed for simultaneous
determination of Metformin HCl and Repaglinide in bilayer tablet dosage form utilizing concept of standard addition. The method is
based upon determination of Repaglinide at 299 nm where Metformin HCl shows zero absorbance & Metformin HCl at 208 nm in 0.1N
HCl as a solvent & in phosphate buffer pH 6.8 Repaglinide at 283 nm where Metformin HCl shows zero absorbance & Metformin HCl
at 232.4 nm. Linearity was observed in range of 10-60 µg/ml and 1-6 µg/ml for Metformin HCl and Repaglinide respectively. The
correlation coefficient value was found to be 0.989-0.9998. All methods were statistically validated as per ICH guidelines and can be
successively applied for analysis of tablets formulation.
KEYWORDS: Metformin HCl, Repaglinide, Absorbance correction method, UV-spectrophotometric, Bilayer Tablet, Simultaneous
estimation
